Depression Is Treatable: What You Need to Know

Depression is a common but serious illness that interferes with daily life, including the ability to work, sleep, study, eat, and enjoy life. Depression is caused by a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors.

Some research suggests that the genetic risk for depression results from the influence of several genes acting together with environmental and other risk factors.

Certain types of depression tend to run in families. However, depression can also occur in people with no family history of the condition. Not everyone with depressive disorders experiences the same symptoms. The severity, frequency, and duration of symptoms vary depending on the individual and their specific illness.

Key Facts

• Depression is an illness characterized by persistent sadness and a loss of interest in activities once enjoyed, as well as an inability to carry out daily activities, lasting for at least two weeks.

• People with depression often experience several of the following symptoms: loss of energy; changes in appetite; sleeping more or less than usual; anxiety; decreased concentration; indecisiveness; restlessness; feelings of worthlessness, guilt, or hopelessness; and thoughts of self-harm or suicide.

• Depression is not a sign of weakness. It can be treated with therapy or psychological intervention, antidepressant medication, or a combination of both methods.

• People exposed to violence often experience a range of reactions, including: anxiety, stress, frustration, fear, irritability, anger, difficulty concentrating, loss of appetite, and nightmares.

Depression is a common comorbid condition that complicates help-seeking, treatment adherence, and prognosis. There is evidence that depression predisposes individuals to heart attacks and diabetes, which in turn increase the likelihood of developing depression. Many risk factors—such as low socioeconomic status, alcohol consumption, and stress—are common to mental disorders and other non-communicable diseases.

What You Can Do If You Think You Are Depressed

• Seek professional help. Talking to a local healthcare provider or your general practitioner is a good starting point.

• Remember that you can feel better with the right help.

• Continue doing activities you enjoyed when you were well.

• Don’t isolate yourself. Stay in touch with family and friends.

• Exercise regularly, even if it’s just a short walk.

• Maintain regular eating and sleeping habits.

• Accept that you may have depression and adjust your expectations. You might not be able to do everything you used to.

• Avoid or limit alcohol intake and abstain from illegal drugs, as these can worsen depression.

• If you have suicidal thoughts, seek help immediately.